~Organizational Information Flow~

FUNCTIONS OF AN ORGANIZATION IN AN INFORMATION SYSTEM

• information flows vertically & horizontally throughout an organization
• there are 5 functions:

~ACCOUNTING~

~MARKETING~

~HUMAN RESOURCES~

~PRODUCTION~

~RESEARCH~

ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM (A.I.S)

-study & practice of  accounting ( design, implementation, monitoring of information   

   systems)

-systems use modern information technology resources + traditional accounting controls + methods to provide users the financial information

A.I.S + TECHNOLOGY

INPUT: associated with A.I.S include-:

• standard personal computers/ workstations running application
• scanning devices for standardized data entry
• electronic communication devices for electronic data interchange (EDI)
•  e-commerce
• "Web-enabled’’ - allow devices to connect to the World Wide Web

PROCESS 

• ranging from individual personal computers to large-scale enterprise servers
• conceptually, the underlying processing model is still the ‘‘double-entry’’ accounting system initially introduced in the 15th century

OUTPUT

•  output devices include:

      -computer displays, impact and nonimpact printers

      -electronic communication devices for EDI 

      -e-commerce

• output content - financial reports from budgets & tax reports to multinational financial statements

MARKETING INFORMATION SYSTEM (M.I.S)

-set of procedures & practices employed in analyzing & assessing marketing information  

 system

-provides basis for decisions such as product development / improvement, pricing, 

 packaging,distribution, media selection & promotion

-component of M.I.S :

1. internal reporting systems
2. marketing research systems
3. marketing intelligence systems
4. marketing models

HUMAN RESOURCES (H.R.I.S)

• software / online solution for data entry, data tracking & data information needs of the Human Resources
• better H.R.I.S provide:

1. management of employee information
2. reporting & analysis of employee information
3. company related documents such as employee handbooks
4. applicant tracking & resume management

PRODUCTION INFORMATION SYSTEM

• manufacturing subsystem that includes all functions required to design, produce, distribute, & service a manufactured product
• current production applications :

1. electronic catalogs
2. website / webshop content
3. product catalog

RESEARCH INFORMATION SYSTEM

• involves the use of qualitative data, such as interviews, documents & participant observation data, to understand and explain social phenomena   
• in Information Systems,  a general shift in IS research away from technological to managerial & organizational issues